一、单元考点提示
1.重点单词
quarrel fasten
hall affair
delay nail
furnitdure sailor
bathe time
captain beg
beach dive
drown navy
vast surface
various float
partly merely
pole huge
occur treasure
voyage load
2.重点短语
have/take a seat pay a visit to…
again and again call on/at
see to pick up
from that moment on in silence
break into without delay
do well make up one’s mind
at a time by weight
come up cross out
leave out make up
take in
3.重点句型
it’s time i went and picked up my little girl from school.
no doctor would have noticed.
the young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.
he is doing well in the navy.
take a deep breath and i’ll time you.
seen from space, the earth is blue.
this is because two thirds of the earth is made up of vastn oceans.
it takes 80 years for mediterranean water to be changed with…
4.交际英语
please remember me to…
have a good time/journey…
i’m afraid i have to go now.
it is time that i went an picked up my little girl from school.
it is /was very kind of you to do sth.
i wish we did/could…
5.语法
复习过去分词作定语和状语的用法。
学习省略句的用法。
二、考点精析与拓展
1.pay a visit to sb.(place)拜访某人，看望某人，访问某地。如：
president hu will pay a state visit to japan.
胡主席将对日本进行国事访问。
they paid a seven- day visit to that city.
他们在那个城市访问了一周。
2. there is no doubt about it.意思是“毫无疑问、肯定、无疑”可以和“i’m sure that…”换，也可和it’s clear that…换。如：
there is no doubt that the rain will last long=i’m sure that…=it’s clear that the rain will last long.
而（肯定）毫无疑问（很显然）要持续下去了。
注：i have no doubt that… doubt当名词用，分别用that、
i have some doubt whether…
whethere引导同位语从句。
i don’t doubt that…
i doubt whether… doubt 当动词用，分别用that、whether引导宾语从句。
3.①have a good time(day,weekend)祝某人过得好，注意要用不定冠词a,可以用enjoy yourself换用。如：
did you have a good time at the party?
宴会上玩得开心吗？
②have a hard time. 过得不顺心，度日艰难。
有时，可以用have a hard life换，但have a hard time in doing sth.意为“费力地……，艰难地……”可以和“have difficulty(trouble)in doing sth.”换用。如：
life was very hard for us then(= we had a hard time then.我们当时生活很困难)and we often had a hard time in finding a new job.并且常常很难找到新工作。
4.see to “处理、照顾、负责”根据不同情况与别的形式换用。如：
①who is seeing to the baby?
(= who is in charge of the baby?)(= who is taking care of the baby?)谁在看小孩呢？
②i want to find a person to see to my washing machine, it does not work.
我得找人检修一下洗衣机，它出故障了。
另外：
see sb.througn帮助某人度难关，摆脱困境
see sb. off 给某人送行
see sb. out送某人出门（引出门）
5.“该干……，是干……的时候了，……的时间到了”常用下列几种形式：
for sth.
(it’s time for class.该上课了)
it’s time + for sb.to do sth
(it’s time for us to leave我们该走了)
（that）主语+过去式+其他。
（it’s time we went to sleep now.我们该睡觉了）
区别：it’s the + 序数词 +time that + 主语 + 完成式从句，表示“是某人第几次干……”。如：
it’s the first time that i have been in china.我是第一次来中国。
6.dare say敢说(可和：be sure that换)。如：i’m sure that you broke the
window. = i dare say that you broke the window我敢说（肯定）是你把窗子打碎的
7.复习由break构成的短语：
break into 破门而入，闯入……，偷……
break out爆发（常用fire, war作主语）；突发……
break away from 挣脱、改掉、革除……
break through突破防线等
break①vi,断裂坏了 ②vt,把……折断，破坏，打破。如：
we got there, it had broken.
我们赶到时，天已大亮了。
who broke the glass?谁把杯子打碎的？
8.be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. = ought to do sth.应该做……如：
you are supposed to come here on time你们应该准时到。
另外：suppose意为“假如、猜想，认为”常跟宾语 + 补语。
now, let’s suppose(that) a equals b
现在我们假设a等于b。
如： we suppose him (to be) the best
singer in our school
我们都认为他是我们学校歌唱得最好的。
9.wish后的宾语从句形式常用虚拟语气形式
would + 动词原形
从句主语+ 动词过去式
had + 过去分词
he would come on time.(将来情况的假设)
he were here now.(现在情况假设)
如：i wish they had finished the task on time
(last week)(对过去情况的假设)
另上：wish 还可以用
①主+ wish to do sth.
②主语 + wish + sb.+名词
③主语 + with sb.to do sth.
分别表示：主语希望想干某事；主语祝愿某人（宾语）；希望（某人）干……。如：
he wished to be a great scientist.他想成为科学家。
i wish you a happy journey. 我祝您旅途愉快。
we wish you to tell me the truth.我们希望你说实话。
10.call + 介词
call on sb.to do sth.号召……干某事
call on (人作宾语，看望，拜访某人)
call at（地方作宾语：去某地，某处看）
call for需要，要求
call in 叫来，召来，请来
如：①our party calls on us to learn from lei feng.党号召我们向雷锋学习。
②she is terribly ill, please call in a doctor.她病情严重，快去请医生来。
③we called on him at his unit.我们到他单位去看他。
11．①seat当动词用时是及物动词，seat sb. (sth.)somewhere意为“安顿某人、物到某位置上”这时，可用lay来换seat。如：
the mother seated the baby on sofa and went out.
妈妈把孩子放在沙发上后出去了。
②当不及物动词用时，常用be seated形式，表状态。
entering the classroom, i found him seated at the back row.
如：一进教室，我发现他坐在最后排。
please be seated! = sit down, please!
= please sit down!请坐！
③seat 当名词时，意为“座位、席位、位置”
please go to your seat.请各就各位。
如： he gave his seat to the bind man.
他把座让给了那位盲人。
take a breath 吸一口气（= breathe）
12．take breath喘口气，歇一歇
（= have a rest;relax oneself）
13.do well in/be good at 在某方面出色，干得好，如：
if you work hard, you will do well in each subject.(be good at )只要用功，你每门功课都可以学好。
注意：well 常用作副词；当形容词用时表示“健康状况”。如：
—what’s wrong with you? 你怎么啦？
—i’m not feeling well. 我（身体）不舒服。
14.make up one’s mind to do sth.决心干……（= decide）。如：
we have made up our minds to deepen the reform.我们决心深化改革。
熟记下列短语：
change one’s mind 改变主意
keep sth. in one’s mind 把……留在脑海中
keep in one’s mind on把心思放在；专心于……
另：mind 当动词用，“在意、介意、放在心上……”
just mind your own business 少管闲事
15.一组由come引出的短语，如：
① when did yuo two come to know each other?
come in (into)走进（……里面）
come out 出来、出版（花）开
come to (oneself)sth.(苏醒)谈到、提及
come from 来自，自……来
come to do sth.（逐渐地……）强调过程
come up: 发芽、长出地面、（走）过来，达到……
②his new works will come out next week.
他的新作下周便出版发行。
③many english words come from abroad.
许多英语词汇是外来语。
④the number of the students who can use computers in our school has come to 20.
我们班会使用电脑的学生数已达20（已有20个同学）。
make up sth.补充，编造，修补等
16. be made up of sth.由……组成、构成、合成
（of后常跟人、零件、元素这类的名词）
如：①he helped me to make up all the lessons i had missed.他帮我补拉下的新所的功课。
②a football team on play is usually made up of 11 players.上场比赛的足球队通常由11人组成。
③don’t make up any excuse!别编（找）借口了！
be made up with 由……弥补、补偿
the loss can’t be made up with money
这个损失是用金钱弥补不了的。
17.too much可单独使用，可当名词（不可数）或形容词，而much too 只可修饰形容词或副词：
①i’m full, i have eaten too much.
我饱了，我吃得太多了。
②this work is too much for me.
这话对我来说太重了。
③your new car is much too expensive.
你的新车太贵了。
too many用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，也可单独使用，当代词用。
①i have too many questions to ask.
我有许多问题要问。
②too many (students)are absent today.
缺席的人太多了。
18.feed 给……喂食（东西）
feed on sth.以……为主食，主要吃……
feed sb.(animals)on sth.给（某人）喂……
feed sth. to sb.(animal)把……喂给……。如：
①people in north mainly feed on wheat, while people in south feed on rice.
北方人主要口粮是小麦，而南方人是大米。
②please feed the sheep on some grass.
给羊喂些草吧。
please feed some grass to the sheep.
把这些草拿去喂羊吧。
③what is the nurse feeding the baby on?
护士给孩子喂什么呢？
at a time (每一次；同一次)
at one time(曾经，常与过去式谓语动词连词)
19. on time 按时
in time及时
at the same time同时
time;当不可数名词用时，指时间；当可数名词用时，指次数、倍数、年代，还有下列几个常见的形式：
some time(一段时间)；sometimes(有时)；sometime(某个时间、时候)；some times（数倍、数次）
in the old time,my grandfather was forced to work for the landlord(相当于：in the years before liberation)
在旧社会（解放前）我爷爷被逼为主扛长工。
20.by weight按重量 （计算）类似的还有：
by price计价
by distance计程
by time计时
但是：by the hour按钟点计，by the day 按日计算。如：
①usually we pay the taxi driver by distance.
我们按路程给出租车司机付费。
②you should pay me 100 yuan by the hour a week here.按我在这工作的时间算你该付我100元。
③they sell vegetables by the kilo.
他们卖菜论公斤。
21.leave out 省略、漏掉、把……留在外面，不予考虑。
①he was wrong by leaving out a letter when writing the word.
他写这个单词时因少了一个字母而写错了。
②if you want to buy the new house,leave out the price,we all can help you.
你如果想买这套新房，不要考虑价钱（担心不够），我们大家都会帮你的。
22.take in 接纳、吸收（新成员），领进，理解。
①some young people are taken in by the party each year.每年都有些年轻人被吸收入党。
②shall i take him in, sir?我可以把他领进来吗？
三、精典名题导解
题1 (nmet 1996)
many people agree that_______ knowledge of english is a must in ______
international trade today.
a.a ; 不填 b.the; an c.the; the d.不填; the
分析：a。一般情况knowledge是不可数名词，若表示“对……懂，对……有某种程度的了解”等特殊含义时，knowledge前可加不定冠词。
题2 （上海 2002）
i feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child.
a. is to blame b.is going to blame
c.is to be blamed d.should blame
分析：a。blame for sth.“为……负责任”。
题3 （nmet 1994）
she set out soon after dark ________ home an hour later.
a. arriving b. to arrive c. having arrived d.and arrived
分析：d。arrived与set out是并列关系。
题4 （上海 2000春）
—you should have thanked her before you left.
—i meant _______,but when i was leaving i couldn’t find her anywhere.
a. to do b.to c.doing d.doing it
分析：b。mean to do sth.打算做……, 答语中可省略动词不定式to后面的内容。
题5 （上海 2002）
though_______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
a. lacked b.lacking of c.lacking d.lacked in
分析：c。lacking money,作伴随状语。
高二英语复习教案（9）
（sb2-units17-18）
一、单元考点提示
1.重点单词
simply majority
throughout possibility
convenient skill
vote possession
meanwhile announcement
absence determine
rude
2.重点短语
make an effort out of work
go off share one’s view
in common get in touch with
on one’s own turn up
be up to by accident
for oneself or rather
3.重点句型
it’s not likely that…
what do you think is likely to happen?
there is need of/for sth.
two hours is a long time to take over a coffee.
by this time they were a little anxious.
you are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.
4.语法
学习名词性从句作同位语的用法。
复习13～17单元中的语法内容。
二、考点精析与拓展
1.talk of; talk about; talk on
这组词均可以表示“谈”，但程度不同。talk of 只表示“涉及”；talk about 表示谈细节；talk on兼有议论。如：
talking of shanghai, have you been there in summer?谈到上海，你夏天在那儿待过吗？
what are you talking about?你们在谈论什么呢？
they are talking on the book.他们在谈论这本书。
2.throughout; all over; all through
本组词都有“遍及、贯穿”的意思，但所接名词不同。throughout后接表示时间和地点等名词。如：
he worked throughout the night and the next day.他工作了整整一夜和第二天一天。
the disease spread throughout the country.这种病蔓延全国。
all over一般接表示地点的名词。如：
just before he was killed, he sent a message to his comrades all over the country.在他被杀害之前，他把信送给了全国各地的同志们。
all through 一般接表示时间的名词。如；
the light was burning all through the night.灯彻夜亮着。
3.voice; sound; noise
这三个词均指“声音”
voice是可数名词，指人发出的声音。如：
i didn’t recognize john’s voice on the telephone.在电话里我没听出约翰的声音。
we could hear the children’s voices in the garden.我们能听见花园里孩子们的声音。
sound词意最广泛，它包括各种性质的声响，不论大声还是小声，音乐或噪音，有意义的还是无意义的声音均可，多作可数名词。如：
a joyful sound came from the distance. 远处传来欢快的声音。
the door was open, and the sound came from the kitchen.门开着，声音是从厨房传来的。
noise泛指一切在的、杂乱的或令人讨厌的杂声和吵闹声，既指单一的刺耳、尖锐、磨擦的声响，也可指混合在一起不协调的声响，不论是由人或物所发出的，可以是可数的，也可以是不可数的。如：
loud noise can make people ill.大的噪音能使人生病。
don’t make such a loud noise.别弄出这么大的声响。
4.store; save; keep
三个词都有“存”的含义。
store是及物动词，“储藏、储存”的意思，一般强调在一个空间范围内的保管和收藏。如：
we had to store all this while we were away. 我们不在家时，得把所有的一切都收藏起来。如：
after harvest we store the grain.收割后我们把粮食存起来。
save既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词，可指货币的储蓄。如：
he was out of work, he had saved no money before.他失业了，以前也没有攒下钱。
they are saving for a house.他们正在存钱买房。
keep也有“保存”的意思，与store比较，它并不强调特定的地点和场所，是由“保留”的意思引申而来的。如：
i have kept the old letters all the time.我一直把这些旧信保存了下来。
will you keep the papers for me?你能为我保存这些论文吗？
5. instead of
instead of是短语介词，意思是“代替、而不”，后接名词、代词、动名词，有时接动词原形、不定式、形容词等。如：
i’ll take that book instead of this one.我要那本书不要这一本。
instead of putting it off till the next day, he started working right away. 他立即开始工作，不把它拖到明天。
you should give him advice instead of money. 你应给他忠告而不是金钱。
a word of encouragement might have made me respect instead of hating him.一句鼓励的话当可时可能使我尊敬他而不是恨他。
things are now better instead of worse.目前情况是好转而不是恶化。
we made the trip by train instead of by car.我们是乘火车旅行的，不是乘汽车。
6.determine v.
（1）决心、决定，其后可接动词不定式、从句或on引导的短语。如：
we determined to get the work done before october 1.我们决定在“十一”之前完成这项工作。
have you determined where you’re going to spend the summer vocaion?你决定在哪儿过暑假了吗？
they determined on an early start.他们决定早动身。
he has determined on going home next week.他决定下周回家。
（2）使……决意，后接不定式或介词短语作宾补。如：
what determined you to accept the invitation?什么原因使你接受这个请帖？
the situation determined him against further delay.形势使他决定不再拖延。
（3）be determined(to do sth.)下定决心；有决心，后接不定式或从句。如：
he was determined to study english well.他下决心把英语学好。
we were determined that we should never allow such things to happen again.我们决定绝不允许这类事情再次发生。
（注意从句运动用should + 动词原形）]
7.be up to
to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。这一短语有以下几个常用意思：
（1）从事于、忙于，有时含有“密谋干坏事”之意。如：
what is he up to now?他现在在干什么？
he is up to no good.他没干好事。
（2）由……负责，常用it作主语。如：
it’s up to you to decide whether to go or not.是去还是不去由你决定。
it’s up to us to give them all the help we can.我们理应尽力帮助他们。
（3）胜任、适于。如：
he is not up to his work.他不胜任他的工作。
（4）直到、以至。如：
up to now 直到现在
between the hours of midnight and 6 a.m.，the hurricane crossed the southeast corner of england with winds of up to 160km/h.从午夜时分到清晨6点之间，飓风横扫英格兰的东南角，风速高达每小时160公里。
8. area; district
（1）area表示“地区、区域”，是普通用词，暗示一个较大的，可能是没有清楚界限的地区，不能用来指行政上的地理单位。如：
the old man lives in a mountain area.这位老人生活在山东。
this is a less developed area.这是个欠发达地区。
most of the large land areas are connected.多数大块陆地是相连的。
（2）district表示“区、地区、区域”，指为行政管理或选举之目的所分的区。在同一城市，各种性质不同的区域也叫district。如：
where is the district of columbia?哥伦比亚特区在什么地方？
the old man used to work in the jin-cha-ji military district.那位老人曾经在晋察冀军区工作。
the northeast part of the city is the residential district.这城市的东北部是住宅区。
9. lay the table, lay breakfast
两个动词短语均可作“摆好桌子”解，但各自的确切含意不同：lay the table单纯指“摆桌子（准备吃饭）”，可用于早、中、晚三餐的任何一餐的场合，如：
i only laid the table.我只是摆好了餐桌（准备吃饭）。而“lay breakfast”则很明确地表示“摆桌子（吃早餐）”。如：
i have laid lunch.我已经摆好午餐的桌子了。
he has laid supper.他已把晚餐的桌子摆好了。
10.get in touch with sb.; keep in touch with sb.
这两个相似动词短语的区别是：前者是表示动作性的，作“和（与）某人进行接触”解，如：
finally hank and his friend gave each other their addresses and promised to get in touch again with each other when they both returned to the states.最后，汉克和他的朋友互换了地址，并且保证回美国后和对方联系。
而后者表示状态，作“和（与）某人保持着联系”解。如：
some students keep in touch with me all the time.一些学生一直和我保持着联系。
11. in common, in general, in particular,in short
（1）in common(with)与……有共同处、（和……）一样。如：
they have nothing in common with one another.他们相互毫无共同之处。
（2）in general 大体上、通常、一般说来。如：
in general boys like sports more than girls.一般说来，男孩比女孩更喜欢运动。
（3）in particular= particularly特别、尤其。如：
i noticed his eyes in particular, because they were very big.我特别注意到他的眼晴，因为那双眼晴很大。
（4）in short简单地说，总之。如：
the man, in short,is not to be trusted.总之，那个人是不何信任的。
12.too…to结构
一般情况下“too… to ”表示否定意义“太……而不……”。如：
his brother is too young to go to school.他弟弟太小还不能上学。
the sentence is too difficult for me to translate.这个句子太难我译不了。
但在以下情况，“too…to ”并不表示否定意义。
（1）当too之后跟的是表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词时（常见的这类词有glad, eager, anxious, happy, ready, nervous, pleased等）。如：
we were too eager to know the result of the exam.我们急于想了解考试结果。
she was too ready to speak.她太多嘴多舌。
he was too anxious to leave.她急于离开。
sometimes we are too easy to overlook our own faults.有时我们很容易忽略自己的错误。
（2）如果把以上结构中的不定式重复一次，则前一个表示肯定意义而后一个表示否定意义。如：
such a man is too ready to blame others to blame himself.这种人最爱责人而不责己。
（3）如果在“too...to”结构中含有not或never等否定词时，则表示肯定。如：one is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
english isn’t too diffcult to learn.英语并非难得学不会。（或：英语并不难学。）
the girl is too careful not to make any mistakes.这女生很细心不会出错。
mary is too clever not to believe him.玛丽很聪明不会相信他的。
（4）在too前有only, just, simply, all, but等词时，不定式也表示肯定。如：
the foreign visitors are only too glad to have an opportunity to visit the great wall .这些外宾非常希望有参观长城的机会。
the boy is only（just/but）too happy to help other students.这位男生特别喜欢帮助别人。
he knows but too well to hold his tongue.他深知少说为佳。
三、精典名题导解
题1 （nmet 2000春）
nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does_____
his boss.
a.serves b.satisfies c.promises d.supports
分析：b。句意为“因他感觉到他做的没有什么能使老板满意”，只有b合句意。
题2 （上海 2002）
to regain their_______after an exhausting game, the players lay in the grass.
a.forc b.energy c.power d.health
分析：b。此题考查四个选项的词意辨析。force“权力”，health“健康”，只有b项energy有“精力”的意思。
题3 it’s two years since he________ the league.
a.joined b.joined in c.attended d.took part in
分析：a。join以加（组织、团体），join sb.与某人一起（干），join in参加（活动）；attend出席；take part in参加（活动）。这里有league,所以选择a。
题4 the stranger said something in a ________ voice and the little girl was very much _________.
a.frightening; frightened b.frightened; frightening
c.frightening; frightening d.frightened; frightened
分析：a。现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动，frightening表示使人恐惧的，frightened表示受到恐惧的。所以答案为a。
题5 （上海 2000春）
the manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four fifths of the tickets ________.
a.was booked b.had been booked
c.were booked d.have been booked
分析：b。分数作主语时谓语动词与of后的名词一致，又因book的动作在was happy之前故应用过去完成时。
题6 （nmet 2001）
the film brought the hours back to me________ i was taken good care of him that faraway village.
a.until b.that c.when d.where
分析：c。该题考查引导定语从句的关联词的用法。先行词hours表示的是时间。限制性定语从句可用来修饰一个表示时间的词，如果关联词在定语从句中作状语，通常用关系副词when;如果在定语从句中作主语或宾语，通常用关系代词that或which。此空应填关系副词when,在定词从句中作状语，故答案选c。
题7 he came to an island,__________ he lived for many years.
a.that b.which c.there d.where
分析：d。先确认这是含有定语从句的复合句，逗号之后部分 为非限定性定语从句，从句中不缺少主语、宾语，判断它缺少状语，由于先行词是表示地点的，所以选择d。
题8 i’m interested in __________ happened yesterday.
a.all b.all that c.all what d.that
分析：b。此题考查名词性从句或定语从句，由于从句中缺少主语，所以用what或all that,因此选b.
高二英语复习教案（10）
（sb2-units19-20）
一、单元考点提示
1.重点单词
demand forbid
achieve explode
former admit
minority slightly
declare hopefully
seize disability
attitude
2.重点短语
set an example treat sb. with
come up act as
give in end up
turn out look forward to
as though the way
3.重点句型
haven’t you heard…? what happened?
why was that? i imagine..
hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.
so far as i know, tomorrow should be fine,too.
you said that you hoped… seldom does he go there.
4.语法
学习动词-ing形式作定语和状语的用法。
学习倒装句的用法。
二、考点精析与拓展
1.join in参与一项活动，join + 名词加入某个团体组织
①would yo join us(in) singing?
和我们一起唱歌吧！
②his brother joined the army a year ago.
他哥哥一年前参军了。
join还可表示“来（去）和某人呆在一起，把……连在一起”
③i will join you in a few minutes.我一会就过来。
④please join the two ends of the rope together.把绳子两头接起来。
2.把某人关入监狱，throw(cast, put)sb.into(to)prison,还可以说成take sb.to prison.
区别：in prison与in the prison前者表示“坐牢、服法、服刑”；后者表示“在一所监狱”，有可能是在看望囚犯，也可能是监管人员。
tom’s brother was put(thrown、cast)into prison because of murderer,and he will be in prison for thirty years.
汤姆的哥哥因犯谋杀罪而被关进监狱，他将在监狱服刑三十年。
3.demand
①当可数名词“要求”用
we refused his unreasonable demands.我们拒绝了他的无理要求。
②当不可数名词用
there is a great demand for typists but(a)poor demand for clerks.打字员很抢手但是办公室职员几乎没人需要。
③当动词用：demand+名词、代词、从句或to do sth.如：
they demanded the right to do things they like.
他们要求有做自己喜欢做的事情的权力。
the lady demanded to see our headmaster.
那个女士要求见校长。
he demanded that we (should)try to finish our work on time.
他要求我们按时完工。
宾语从句用虚拟语气形式，主+should+动原……
④demand问
“how old are you?”he demanded.
他问我“你多大啦？”
4.forbid(forbade, forbidden)
①forbid sb.to do sth.如：
my mother forbids me to keep in touch with that boy.我妈不让我与那个男孩交往。
②forbid(one’s)doing sth.如：
the law strictly forbids individual’s running business in some fields.法律严禁私人从事某些经营活动。
③常用被动形式
smoking is forbidden here.这儿不许抽烟。
④表示“使……不可能，使……无法……”
the bad weather forbids a spring outing.坏天气使我们无法春游。
5.have a right to do sth.有权做某事
right:①当名词用，可有复数形式如：human rights人权；但是当方向（右边）讲时，不可数，turn to the right向右转
②当形容词：a.右面的、向右的、政治上右倾的；b.对的、正确的、合适、恰当、正当；c.对头、没事了。如：
he didn’t feel quite right.他感觉不太舒服。
your advice is right你的建议是对的。
which is the right answer?哪个答案正确？
③当副词用，向右
don’t forget to turn right when you meet a bookstore.看到那家书店别忘了向右转。
the crowd divided right and left.
人群走散了（各奔西东）。
6.give构成的短语
①give away 送给人、分发、泄露、暴露
let’s give away our dog.我们把狗送人吧。
②give back:送还、恢复（健康）
living here has given me back my health.在这住使我恢复了健康。
③give in交进来，让步、妥协、投降
the boy gave in the money he picked up.
那小孩把捡到的钱上交了。
in the end,they gave in.最终，他们屈服了。
④give off散发出
the gas gave off an unpleasant smell.那种气体发出难闻的气味。
⑤give out用完、耗尽、没有了。
money gave out.钱用完了。
⑥give up放弃、不再做、把……献给……
my father has given up smoking.我爸“戒烟了。”
he has given up his life to teaching.
他一生都献给了教育事业。
don’t give up,try again.别泄气，再试一次。
7.open①形容词，表状态，“开着的”
don’t keep the door open.
别让门开着（即：请把门关上）。
②动词：打开门，经营、开办③
now,he opens a small factory of his own.
现在他自己办了个厂。
open the door, please!请开门！
③be open to对……开放
many school libraries are open to children on sundays.
不少学校的图书馆周日给孩子们开放。
8.far from:不仅仅，远不是（跟动名词、形容词、名词或代词）。如：
①far being slow, they are actually fast enough.他们一点也不慢，相反非常迅速。
②it’s far from perpect.它还很不完美。
另外：由far引出的短语
①go far(物)经用、时间长
this food can’t go far.这些东西不够吃。
②so far:到目前为止、到…程度（地步）
i can only tell you so far.我只能给你说到这一步。
③as far as就……而言、从……来看、尽……所能、只要……、一直查到某地
as far as i know, he will not come.据我所知，他不会来啦。
you should stick to your opinion as far as it is reasonable.只要你有理，就应该坚持。
we walked as far as the church.
我们一直走到教堂跟前。
9.separate…from…把……分离、分开
nobody can separate taiwan from china.
任何人也不能把台湾从中国分裂出去。
separate(adj.)独自的、独立的、分别为不同的、各自的
i want to listen to your separate opinions.
我想听你们每个人自己的看法。
10.able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)
①he is an able man.那人本事不小。
enable(v)使……能
②we must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。
disable:有残疾的，不能干的；the disabled表示一类人（残疾人）
11.able作词辍时
①可以……的，值得……的（有被动含义）
eatable可食用的，measurable可以测量、估计的；readable可读的
②其他含义：conformable舒适的、安逸的；suitable 合适的，恰当的
12.turn out 结果是……、变成……
记下列turn构成的短语
turn against 反戈一击[注: 掉转武器向自己原来所属的阵营进行攻击。]、反对……，对……不满
turn back打退堂鼓[注: 原指封建官吏退堂时打鼓。现在比喻跟人共同做事中途退缩。]，返回
turn down拒绝；把……（音量等）放低，开小
turn in上交某物，交回
turn into变为
turn off关上（收音机、龙头等）；离开（公路等）；对……失去兴趣，反感
turn on开（收音机等），使……感兴趣；吸引；向……进攻；责怪
turn out结果是、最后情况是……，关（电灯、煤气等），生产、造就
turn over移交，随便翻阅
turn to sb.寻救帮助；查阅资料；努力于、加劲干
turn up来赴（宴、开会），出现；把（音量）放大；使作呕。如：
①there was no body that i could turn to.
当时没有一个人能帮助我。
②please turn off the tv set. it’s wasting power.
把电视关了吧，太费电啦。
③things turned out to be smoothly developing.
事情结果正常发展。
④our suggestions were turned down at the meeting.
会议没有采纳我们的建议。
turn当名词用时，意为“轮到某人干……，转折；倾向；作风”等意思。如：
she went hot and cold by turns.
她一阵热，一阵冷。
by turns轮流；一阵……，一阵……；out of turn不该谁……干，不合时宜[注: 时宜：当时的需要和潮流。不适合时代形势的需要。也指不合世俗习尚。]。do sb.a good(bad)turn 帮了某人的忙（倒忙）
13.dream vi.做梦
do you dream at night?你晚上做梦吗？
dream of……多用于否定句中，“做梦也没想到，从未想到过”
i never dream of getting so much money.
我从未幻想过得到这么多钱。
dream+从句
we never dreamed that the film was so long.
我们怎么也没想到这部电影这么长。
dream of迫切希望、渴望。
people all over the world are dreaming of peace.
全世界人民都渴望和平。
dreamy(adj.)模糊的，梦幻般的
i don’t believe your dreamy words.我不信你的梦语。
14.come true成为现实、实现
表示变化过程的系动词有：become,get,turn,而be表状态
区别：①he became(get,turned)angry when hearing the news.听到那消息他生气了。（从不……到生气）
②he was angry, because he heard some bad news.
他生气是因为听到不好的消息。
15.not only…but also
①连续两个并列主语时，谓语和but also后的一致（即就近原则）
②not only…but also…构成一倒装句式（强调状语或谓语时用；强调主语时不用倒装）。
①not only you but also he likes playing football.
不光你，他也喜欢踢足球。
②not only can he sing, but also he can dance well.
他不仅能唱歌，舞也跳的不错。
（注意，第一句倒装，第二句不用倒装形式）
16.consider的用法：①you should consider the question.
你应该考虑这个问题。
②跟从句
he began to consider when he would get married
他开始考虑什么时侯结婚的事情。
③跟疑问词 + to do sth.
he is considering how to get there in time.
他正想怎么能及时赶到那儿。
④跟动名词
who considers answering the question?
谁正在考虑回答这个问题？
⑤为……着想
he always considers others before himself
他常先为别人着想。
⑥名词为：consideration(不可数)
take sth. into consideration把……考虑在内
if you want to go on holidays in beijing,you should take the cost into consideration.
如果想到北京去度假，你应该考虑费用问题。
17.as a matter of fact=in fact事实上、实际上……
it seems easy,but as a matter of fact,it’ll take us a long time to work it out.
这道题貌似简单，实际上要解出的话很费时间。
18.look forward to sth.(doing sth.)渴望、企盼……
①they are looking forward to getting news of him.
他们渴望听到有关他的消息。
②we should look forward,and don’t give up.
我们应该向前看（乐观一些）不能放弃。
三、精典名题导解
题1 （上海 1998）
he made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
a.which i think is b.which i think it is
c.which i think it d.i think which is
分析：a。这是一个非限制性定语从句，make another wonderful discovery是动宾词组，关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，代表the discovery, i think 为插入语。
题2 （nmet 2001）
as we joined the big crowd i got_______ from my friends.
a.separated b.spared c.lost d.missed
分析：a。该题考查过去分词作表语的用法和习惯搭配。该句是一个含有as引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句，强调从句动作与主句动作相并发生。主句中get和过去分词连用构成被动语态，强调动作。四个选项都能和got连用构成系表结构，但只有separated和from相搭配，got separated意思是“和……分离开”。
题3 she looks forward every spring to_________the flower-lined garden.
a.visit b.paying a visit c.walk in d.walking in
分析：d。look forward to sth./doing sth.因此首先排除掉a、c项。b项paying a visit后必须加to再加宾语。
题4 she is _____________to leave as soon as possible.
a.hurried b.anxious c.worried d.nervous
分析：b。be anxious to do sth.“着急干……，渴望……”。该题意思是“她急于尽快离开”。
题5 （nmet 2000春）
i finally got the job i dreamed about. never in all my life__________ so happy!
分析：d。表示否定意义的副词，如never, seldom, hardly, little, neither, nor等位于句首，句子要进行部分倒装。
题6 （nmet 2001）
selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________so rapidly.
a.is changing b.has changed
c.will have changed d.will change
分析：a。该题考查动词时态。题干为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句，主句陈述的情况是一客观事实，原因状语从句强调一直正在进行的动作。
高二英语复习教案（11）
（sb2-units21-22）
•一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
memory, marry, single, square, otherwise, perform, wedding, musical, generation, nowadays, passer-by, pattern, thought, gay, be familiar with, learn by heart, in praise of, earn one’s living, pass down, in praise of, pass on, at a time, cruel, eager, disturb, mental, fortune, arrival, prisoner, attend, in public, sentence…to death, a good deed, in peace, fall in love with, make sure of, suffer from, light a fire, let…in, call for help, be pleased at ,for no good reason
2.句型
(1)they usually write exact instructions on how the music is to be played.
(2)on festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago.
(3)this was at a time when there was no radio, tv or cinema.
(4)dr manette had been put into prison so that he could keep silent over this matter.
(5)although lucy married charles, sydney promised her that he would always do anything he could for her to make sure of her happiness.
3.语法
（1）v.-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语
（2）v.-ing形式作定语和状语
4.交际用语
(1)i think at the beginning we’d rather have…
(2)i’d rather have…to start.
(3)you must have been…
(4)she can’t have been…
(5)she may/might have done…
二、考点精析与拓展
1.whisper
whisper可用作名词或动词，意为“低语，私语”。如：whisper to sb.对某人耳语；whisper about sth./sb.小声议论某事/人；whisper sth. to sb.低声告诉某人某事；in a whisper低声地；it’s whishpered that…私下说……。
对比：say to sb.对某人说；speak to sb.和某人说话；talk to sb.和某人说话；explain to sb.对某人解释说；lie to sb.对某人撒谎说。
[应用]完成句子
①老师低声给孩子们讲了个故事。
the teacher_________ a story to the children./the teacher told the children a story ___________ ____________ _____________.
②有人私下说史密斯先生的生意在衰败。
________ _________ _________ that mr smith’s business is falling.
key:①whispered/in,a, whisper
②it,is, whispered
2.pass 短语归纳
pass sth.down把某物一代一代传下去；pass sth.on将某物传、交给某人；pass away逝世； pass by路过，忽视；pass sb. sth./pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人；pass the exam/test/law通过考试/测验/法律
注意：past是介词“过，经过”或名词“过去”；passed是pass的过去式和过去分词。如：
half past six六点半；in the past few years在过去的几年里；two weeks passed.两周的时间过去了。he walked past the gate.他从大门口走过。
[应用]完成句子
①去年他母亲去世了。
his mother _________ __________ last year.
②这戒指是我家传来来的。
this ring_________ __________ _________ __________in my family.
③那本书你看完了给我。
__________the book_________ ________me when you’ve finished it.
④那个年轻人听到这个消息，由于震惊昏了过去。
when the young man heard the news. he________ _________with the shock.
key:①passed, away ②has, been, passed, down
③pass, on, to ④passed, out
3.perform, performance
perform 是动词“履行，表演”，而performance是名词“表演，演出”。如:perform a task/an operation/one’s duties/a play/a part做工作/做手术/尽责任/上演一出戏/演一个角色；perform to sb.对某人表演；give a performance演出；
对比：act/play a part扮演角色；put on a play上演一出戏
[应用]完成句子
①他们总是很耐心地做实验
they always________their experiments_________great patience.
②今晚演出什么戏？
what play_______ _______ _______tonight?
③这位歌唱家以前从未在北京演唱过。
the singer has never________in beijing_______.
key:①perform,with
②will,be,performed
③performed,before
4.be familiar with,be familiar to
be familiar with的主语是有生命的事，意为“某人对人、事熟悉”；be familiar to 的主语是无生命的事物，意为“某人/事为某人所熟悉”，对比:he is very familiar with the names of plants in english.他很熟悉植物的英语名称。suzhou and hangzhou are familiar to many foreigners.苏州和杭州为许多外国人所熟悉。
i’m not familiar with european history./european history is not familiar to me.我对欧洲历史不太熟悉。
注意：be familiar with/to 还表示“精通、通晓”
如：french is as familiar to him as english.
他对法语就象对英语一样精通。
[应用] 一句多译
①这些事实是每个学生都熟悉的。
②她精通4种语言。
key:
①these facts are familiar to every schoolboy./every shoolboy is familiar with these facts.
②she is familiar with four languages./four languages are familiar to her.
5.表示“宁愿、想要某人做某事”
下列句型均可表示“宁愿、想让某人作某事”：would like sb.to do sth.;would prefer sb.to do sth.;like sb.to do sth;want sb.to do sth.;would rather that sb.did sth.
对比：would like/love to do sth.喜欢、宁愿做某事；prefer to do sth.宁愿做；would rather do sth.宁愿做；would like/love not to do sth.不想做；would rather not do sth.宁愿不做……；prefer not to do sth.不想做；would rather do sth.than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事；p11refer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不做某事。
[应用]
①一句多译
我想让我儿子学医。
②选择正确的答案
little jim should love_______to the theatre this evening.
(met’92)
a.to be taken b.to take
c.being taken d.taking
key:
① i would like my son to study medicine./i’d love my son to
study medicine,/ i would rather that my son studied medicine./ i like my son to study medicine./i want my son to study medicine./i would rather that my son studied medicine.
②a
6.earn, gain, win ,get
四个词均有“得到”之意，但earn指经过艰苦努力所得到的报偿，意为“赚得”；gain指作出很大努力而“获得”，所得东西常有一定价值；get是普通词，指不一定需要努力就能“得到”；win意为“赢得”，含有取胜一方具有优越条件而能克服障碍之意。这四个词有时可通用。
[应用]英译汉
①earn much money/a prize/one’s living
②gain a victory/experience/the first prize/ten dollars/a living/success/the battle/a doctor’s degree
③get one’s help/full marks
key: ①挣得很多钱/获奖/谋生
②获胜/取得经验/获得一等奖/赚10美元/谋生/获得成功/赢得战斗/获博士学位
③得到某人的帮助/得满分
7.single, not a single
single是形容词，有“单一的，单个的，单身的，唯一的”意义；not a single表示“一个也没有”，起强调作用，位于句首时引起倒装。如：remain single尚未成婚；the single person唯一的人；a single bed/ticket/man/room单人床/单程票/独身男子/单人房间
he didn’t make a single mistake in the exam./not a single mistake did he make in the exam.他在考试中没出一处错误。
[应用]汉译英
①今天上午这个商店里一个人也没有。
②他是能帮助我们的唯一的人。
key: ①not a single person has been in the shop this morning.
②he’s the single person that can help us.
8.in+名词+of
in praise of为……颂扬、歌颂；in honour of 为纪念，为了向某人表示敬意；in memory of为了怀念；in favour of赞同，支持；in place of 代替；in charge of负责；in search of寻找；in need of 需要。
注意：上述短语多用作表语、状语或定语。
[应用]完成句子，句意不变
①this is a book which sings high praise for pioneers.
this is a book ________ ________ ________ pioneers.
②they startd off at once to look for the missing girl.
they started off at once________ ______ _______the missing girl.
③we all agree to your plan.
we are all ______ ________ ______your plan.
④we usr plastics instead of wood or metal.
we use plastics_______ ________ ________ wood or metal.
key:①in, praise, of ②in, search, of
③in, favour, of ④in, place, of
9.praise短语归纳
praise可用作名词或动词，均表示“赞扬，表扬”。如：sing high praise for高度赞扬；praise sb. for因……而赞扬其人；receive praise from sb.得到某人的称赞；win high praise受到高度赞扬；give praise to sb.表扬某人。
[应用]完成句子
①校长高度赞扬了他的勇敢行为。
the headmaster_________ _________ ________ ________his brave deed.
②他经常帮助别人，因而得到同学们的赞扬。
he often helps others, so he __________ __________ _________his classmates.
key: ①sang, high, praise, for ②receives praise, from
10.one…the other, some…others
one…the other相当于one…one,表示两者中的“一个。另一个”；some…others表示许多中的“一些，另外一些”；some…the others表示“一些，其余所有的”。对比：
he has two companise. one is in china and the other is in the states.
他有两家公司，一家在中国，另一家在美国。
in winter, some birds will fly away, and others wills stay here.冬天，一些鸟飞走了，另外一些留了下来。
some stamps are new, and the others are all ones.
有些邮票是新的，其余全是用过的。
[应用]选择正确答案。
①some people like to stay at home on sunday, but _______like to go to the cinema.(nmet’85)
a.another b.other c.others d.other one
②of the three foreign guests, one is from london,_________two are from new york.(80年高考)
key:①c ②b
11.suffer
①用作及物动词，意为“遭受，蒙受，受到，忍受”。如：suffer loss/pain/punishment/defeat/wrong/hardship/discouragement/disappointment/unfair/treatment/hunger遭受损失/疼痛/遭到惩罚/遭到失败/受到冤枉/忍受艰难/失去勇气/灰心丧气[注: 形容因失败或不顺利而失去信心，意志消沉。]/受到不公正对待/挨饿。
②用作不及物动词，意为“受痛苦、受损失，折磨，受惩罚”，与from搭配。如:suffer from headache/loss of memory/bad health患头疼/患有遗忘症/身体不好；suffer a lot from a strange illness因怪病吃了不少苦。
[应用]汉译英
①那个城市因地震而遭到严重破坏。
②他们在战争中遭受了巨大痛苦。
key: ①the city suffered serious damage from the earthquake.
②they suffered a great deal in the war.
12.way(s)后的定语从句
修饰way(s)(方法，方式)的定语从句其关系词可以用in which,that也可省略关系词，但不能直接使用which.如：i feel angry about the way(that)he has treated me./i feel angry about the way in which he has treated me.我对他对待我的方式感到生气。
对比：he found a way that/which led to success.(way在从句中作主语) 他找到了一条通往成功的路。
[应用]单句改错
①i don’t like the way which you laugh at her.
②they didn’t to the experiment the way in that we do now.
key:①在which前加in或改which为that
②改that为which或去掉in
13.reason
for this/that reason因为这个/那个原因：for no good reason没有正当的理由；for a simple reason因为一个很简单的原因；for some political reasons因为政治原因；for the reason of health由于健康原因；give a reason提供理由。
注意：reason词后的表语从句用that引导，定语从句多用why引导，偶尔用which引导。
[应用]用适当的连词填空
①his reason for being late was________he missed the bus.
②the reason__________he didn’t come to school was that he was ill.
③the doctor gave reason________ couldn’t explain the failure of the operation.
key :①that ②why ③which/that
14.disturb,interrupt
disturb有“打扰，扰乱，使（人）心神不宁”之意。如：disturb the sleeping child/one’s plan/the piblic peace 打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会治安；be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响；be disturbed about 对……感到不妥。
对比：interrupt 有“打断，打扰”之意，侧重打断。如：don’t interrupt me while i’m busy.我忙的时候不要打扰我。
[应用]完成句子
①她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不安。
she was________ ________ her mother’s sudden illness./she
was________ _______hear of her mother’s sudden illness./she was________ ________ the news of her mother’s sudden illness.
②不要打断那位演讲者，他讲完再问你的问题。
don’t _________ the speaker;ask your question after the meeting.
key:①disturbed, about/disturbed,to/disturbed, by
②interrupt
15.情态动词+不定式完成式
①must have done表示对过去事情的肯定猜测，只用在肯定句中，意
为“一定，想必”。如：i didn’t hear the phone. i must have been asleep.(met’89)我没有听见电话玲声，我一定是睡着了。
②may/might have done表示对过去情况的推测，用于肯定句，含有“可能，或许”之意。如：he might have given you more help even though he was very busy.(met’90)即使他很忙，他也可能更多地帮助你的。
③could have done表示与过去事实相反的推测，含有“本来可以”
之意。如：he could have finished the job, but he was very ill.他本来可以完成那项工作的，但病得太厉害了。
④can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去行为的否定推测，含有“不大可能，决不会”之意。如：i couldn’t have lived through christmas without giving you a present.不送你一件礼物，我简直过不了圣诞节。
⑤should/ought to have done表示过去应该做而未做的动作，意为“本应该……”；shouldn’t /ought not to have done 表示“本不应该……”。两者均含批评，责备之意。如：jenny should have kept her word. i wonder why she changed her mind.(met’91)珍妮本应该遵守诺言，我不知道她为什么改变了主意。
we shouldn’t have waited for her because she never came.(met’88)我们本不应该等她，因为她是不会来的。
⑥needn’t have done表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“本来不
必……”。如：you needn’t have gone there yesterday.你昨天就没有必要到那里去。
⑦would like/love to have done 表示过去希望做但未做的事，意为“本来想……”。如：we would like to have gone to see the film, but we had no time.我们本来很想去看那部电影，但没有时间。
⑧was/were to have done表示未完成的计划或安排，含有“本来打
算”之意。如：he was to have boutght a new camera.他本来想买一架新像机的。
[应用]选择正确答案
①i would love________ to the party last night but i had to work extra hours to finish a report.(nmet’97)
a.to go b.having gone c.going d.to have gone
②—i stayed at a hotel while in new york.
—oh, did you? you_________with barbara.
a.could have stayed b.could stay
c.would stay d.must have stayed
③there was plenty of time,she_________.(met’87)
a.mustn’t have hurried b.couldn’t have hurried
c.must not hurry d.needn’t have hurried
④tom ought not to__________ me your secret, but he meant no harm.(met’93)
a.have old b.tell c.be telling d.having told
⑤i told sally how to get there, but perhaps i __________ for her.(met’94)
a.had to write it out b.must have written it out
c.should have written it out d.ought to write it out
⑥—there were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.
—it ________ a comfortable journey.(nmet’95)
a.can’t b.shouldn’t be
c.mustn’t have been d.couldn’t have been
key:①d ②a ③d ④a ⑤c ⑥d
16.say,speak, tell, talk
四个词均有“说”之意，但用法不同。
1）say:“说，说话”，着重于说的内容。可以引出直接或间接引语说出具体的话。如：say it in english用英语说；say to sb.对某人说；say sth. to sb.对某人说某事；say hello to sb.向某人问好；it’s said that…据说……；the radio says…广播中说……；the blackboard says…黑板上写着……；today’s paper says…今天的报上说……； the book says…书上说……；that is to say.也就是说。注意：say 是及物动词，应带宾语。误：he didn’t say.正：he didn’t say it.
2)speak:“说，讲”，强调说的动作，一般用作不及物动词，指说语言时及物。如：speak in a low voice 小声说；speak louder大声说；speak to/with sb.和某人说话；speak of说到；speak about说到有关的；learn to speak学说话；speak on the radio/on tv做广播/电视讲话；speak at the meeting 在会上发言；speak english 说英语；strictly speaking严格说来。
3)tell“告诉，讲”，是及物动词，可接双宾语或复合宾语。如：tell sb.sth./tell sth.to sb.告诉某人某事；tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事；tell sb. of/about 给某人讲述；tell a lie/a story/the truth/the time/the difference撒谎/讲故事/讲实话/报时/说出区别；tell…from辨别，区分。
4)talk:“讨论，谈论”，指通过谈话交换思想、意见、消息，有“相互交谈”之意，是不及物动词。如：talk of/about谈论、议论；talk to/with sb.和某人交谈；have a talk with sb.和某人交谈。
[应用]选择正确答案
①—what did you think of her speech?
—she__________for one hour but didn’t _________much.
(nmet’95)
a.spoke, speak b.spoke, say
c.said, speak d.said, say
②i don’t know the restaurant, but it’s __________to be quite a good one.(nmet’94)
a.said b.told c.spoken d.talked
③when my sister phoned me, i could not hear clearly what she was______.(82年高考)
a.speaking b.talking c.telling d.saying
④i can hardly_________the difference between these two words.(81年高考)
a.point b.speak c.talk d.tell
key:①b ②a ③d ④d
17.at, with, through表原因
三个介词都可表示原因，at表示听到或看到的原因；with表示人体外部的原因；through 强调自身的原因。如：be sad at the news听了这个消息而悲伤；be frightened at the sight看了那个情景而害怕；jump up with joy高兴地跳了起来；turn red with anger气得脸红；shake with cold/fear冻得/害怕得发抖；with pleasure高兴地；with pride 骄傲地；with satisfaction满意地；make the mistake through his carelessness由于粗心而出错；be put into prison through no fault of his own 没有任何罪过被关进监狱。
[应用]汉译英
①听到这个消息，全国人民处于悲哀之中。
②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。
③由于大意他犯了这个错误。
key:①at the news, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
②the children jumped up with joy.
③he made the mistake through his carelessness.
18.take up, take down
①take up arms/guns/knives/japanese/too much room/the whole
day/the cry/the song拿起武器/拿起枪/拿起刀子/开始学日语/占太多的空间/占了整整一天的时间/喊起来/唱起来。
②take down the old picture /what he said取下旧画/记录下他说的话。
[应用]完成句子
①他20岁时开始写作。
he _________ _________ _________at the age of twenty.
②会议占了整个上午的时间。
the meeting_________ _________the whole morning.
key:①took, up ,writing ②took, up
19.sentence 短语归纳
sentence用作名词或动词，有“宣判，判决”之意。如:pass sentence on sb.判某人的刑；announce sentence on sb.宣布对某人的判决；serve one’s sentence服刑；be sentenced to hard labour被判服苦役；be sentenced to six months in prisom被判处六个月监禁；be under the sentence of death/be sentenced to death被判处死刑；have sb. sentenced to death判某人死刑；sentence sb. to death判某人死刑；receive a sentence of two years 被判两年徒刑。
[应用]完成句子
①一个凶手被判三年徒刑，另一个被判处死刑。
one murderer was______ ______ three years in prison and the other was sentenced_______ _________ .
②那小偷被判5年监禁。
the thief_______a sentence _______ 5 years in prison.
key:①sentenced, to, to, death ②received, of
三、精典名题导解
题1 （nmet 2001）
the parkers bought a new house but_________will need a lot of work before they can move in.
a.they b.it c.one d.which
分析：b。该题考查代词用法。做题的关键是弄清but引导的并列分句中作主语的代词究意是用来代表替前一个分句主语the parkers还是宾语a new house.。由空白后will need a lot of work before they can move in 的语境可以确定，此空的代词是用来代替a new house。it和one 都可以代替前文提过的单数可数名词，以避免重复，但it表特定之物,one表泛指之物，故最佳答案为b。
题2 _________is good form of exercise for both young and old.
a.the walk b.walking c.to walk d.walk
分析：b。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。辨别名词作主语，不定式作主语和动名词作主语的区别。a/ the walk作名词用时，是指某一次的散步，不定式指具体的动作，动名词则是指抽象、一般意义的概念。
题3 i can’t drive this tractor because i’m not familiar________ the controls.
a.to b.with c.for d.in
分析：b。sb. be familiar with sth.某人对某事熟悉
sth. be familiar to sb.某事对于某人熟悉
题4 jessica is going to ________ a pretty office girl.
a.marry b.get married c.marry to d.marry with
分析：a。marry一词为及物动词，sb. marry sb.某人与某人结婚，sb. be(get) married to sb.某人嫁给某人。后一句型强调状态，可以与线性时间状语连用。此句题干中有girl，正确答案为a。
题5 as far as i know, there are altogether four basic _________ of blood.
a.kinds b.sorts c.types d.packs
分析：c。kind和sort是种类意思，type为型号的意思。
题6 （nmet 1998）
—i stayed at hotel while in newyork.
—oh, did you?you________ with barbara.
a.could have stayed b.could stay
c.would stay d.must have stayed
分析：a。从did you? 可知，对话前并不知“barbara在纽约期间是待在旅馆里的”，根据这一事实故不能选d。因对过去事情，所以不能选b和c。
题7 （nmet 2001）
we didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______ very well.
a.worked out b.tried out c.went on d.carried on
分析：a。该题考查根据语境选择适当的短语动词的能力。四个选项均为短语动词，但所表达的意义不同：work out制定，计算出，进行情况良好，得到圆满解决，（情况）发展得（进行得）……；try out试验，试用；go on 继续，进行；carry on继续下去，开展，从事。此题干扰最大的是c和d项，其实go on与carry on为同义词组，均为continue之意，强调“继续”、“持续”。work out 强调“（势态）发展的结果”，在此处作“（情况）发展得……”解。根据主句we didn’t plan our art exhibition like that的语境及but所表示的转折意义判断，最佳答案为a。
题8 there are a lot of peasants ________ in the rice fields.
a.who works b.who worked c.work d.working
分析：d。peasant之后是一个定语成分，可以是定语从句，也可以是一个分词短语。a、b 两项虽是定语从句，但结构和时态明显错误，所以只能选d。
题9 the old man walked in the street_________ by his son.
a.following b.followed c.to follow d.follow
分析：b。从by his son可以看出the old man被跟随，所以选择b。
高二英语复习教案（12）
（sb2-units23-24）
•一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
excellent, wind, strengthen, frequently, recover, smart, distant, lately, get together, all the best, have a word with, in other words, connect with, free of charge, have… on, would like to have a word with sb., bring along, due to, turn into, tire, chain, haircut, pin, secretary, forgive, trick, roll, owe, tear, wish… every success, congratulate…on, invite…to, go on a picnic, get tired of, drop in, have a haircut
2.句型
(1)how a telephone works is a question which not every one can answer.
(2)…and it took a long time before people began to hire or buy them.
(3)i wish you every success in the future.
(5)now let’s drink to the success of your school!
3.语法
(1)复习名词性从句
(2)复习第19—23单元语法
4.交际用语
(1)there’s no… here.
(2)i’m sorry, i think i dialled the wrong number.
(3)i called to ask/tell you.
(4)i’ll have to ring off now.
(5)i’ve come to say good bye. i’m leaving on sunday.
(6)i wish you every success in the future.
(7)i’d also like to congratulate you on your good work in these two years.
二、考点精析与拓展
1.lack
lack可用作及物或不及物动词，还可用作不可数名词，有“缺乏，缺少”之意。如：
lack money/courage缺钱/ 缺少勇气；lack(in) experience/ courage缺少经验/勇气；have no lack of...不缺乏；for lack of…因为缺乏。对比：
he is lacking in courage./he lacks courage.他缺少勇气。
the plants died for lack of water. 因为缺水植物枯死了。
[应用]完成句子
①她经验不足，无法获得这项工作。
she________ ______ ______to get the job.
②他们不缺钱，而缺技术工作。
they______ ______ _______ of money but_______skilled workers.
key: ①lacked,the,experience
②have,no,lack,lack
2.remind,remember
remind表示“提醒，使记起，使想起”，可接复合宾语，that从句或与of连用；而remember意为“记得（做）某事”，主语必须是人。如：
he reminded me to answer the letter as early as possible.
he reminded me that i would answer the letter as early as possible.
他提醒我尽早回信。
this photo reminds me of my childhood.
这张照片使我想起了我的童年。
do you remember the advice i gave you?
你记得我给你的忠告吗？
[应用]完成句子
①这使我想起我们假日里一同做过的事。
this _______ _______ ______what we did together during our holidays.
②我还记得小时候被带着去北京的事情。
i still______ _______ _______to beijing when i was a child.
key:①reminds,me,of ②remember,being,taken
3.表示“祝愿”的几种句型
①名词短语（+to you）:happy birthday to you! 祝你生日快乐。
best wishes for teachers’day.祝教师节愉快。
②all the best.祝万事如意。
all the best with your family.祝全家好。
all the best in your study/business.
祝你学习/事业顺利。
③主语+wish+sb.+名词/形容词
i wish you happy.我祝你幸福。
we wish you greater progres.
我们祝你取得更大进步。
④i hope+that 从句：
i hope you’ll enjoy being with us.
我们希望你和我们在一起很高兴。
⑤部分祈使句也可表祝愿：
remember me to your family.
代我向你全家问好。
send best wishes to him.
向他问好。
[应用]选择正确答案
—have a nice weekend!
—________.(met’92)
a.the same to you b.you do too
c.the same as you d.you have it too
key:a
4.have on,have…on
have on 表示“穿着，戴着”，有have on sth.或have sth.,on结构，强调状态，无进行时，但有动词—ing短语形式。have…on表示“有事，有约（会）”。对比：
on children’s day,children always have on their new clothes.
儿童节那天孩子们总是穿着新衣服。
i’ve nothing on tomorrow.let’s go together.
明天我没事，咱们一起去吧。
误：in fact the king was having nothing on.
正：in fact the king had nothing on.
事实上国王什么也没穿。
正：the king having nothing on walked in the front.
一丝不挂[注: 原是佛教用来比喻人没有一丝牵挂。后指人裸体。]的国王走在最前面。
[应用]汉译英
①he has something on this evening.i’ve to go without him.
②he has his uniform on this evening.
5.word 短语归纳
①would like a word with sb.想和某人说句话；
have a word with sb.与某人说句话；
get in a word /get a word in 插话；
in a (one)word总之， 一句话。
②keep one’s word信守诺言，break one’s word失信；translate sth. word for word 逐字翻译；have/get word(that)…有消息说，获得消息，听说；word has come/came that…传来消息说……；
③have a few words with sb.和某人说几句话；have words(with sb.)争吵，争论；in words 用言语；with words口头上，in other words/in another word换句话说;match words with deeds言行一致[注: 说的和做的完全一个样。]；waster one’s words白费口舌；the last words临终遗言；sharp words苛刻的话；soft words甜言蜜语[注: 象蜜糖一样甜的话。比喻为了骗人而说得动听的话。]
④[应用]完成句子
①传来消息说中国女子足球队获亚军。
_______ ________ _______the chinese women football team had won
second place.
②我听说他们昨晚相互争吵起来。
i________ _________ that they_________ _________with each other last night.
6.“条件从句+主句”中的虚拟语气
①与现在事实相反：从句中用动词的过去式（be 多用were），主句中用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。如：
if there were no subjunctive mood, english would be much easier.（84年高考）如果没有虚拟语气的话，英语就更容易了。
②与过去事实相反：从句中用had + 过去分词，主句中用would/ should/could/might + have+过去分词。如：
if my lawyer had been hare last saturday, he would have prevented me from going.（met’89）
如果上周六我的律师在这里的话，他会阻止我去的。
③与将来事实相反：从句中用动词的过去式或should + 动词原形或were to + 动词的形，主句中用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。如：
if it should rain tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.
如果明天下雨，他们就不骑自行车去了。
[应用]选择正确答案
① you didn’t let me drive .if we _________in turn,you ________
so tired.(nmet’96)
a.dove, didn’t get b.drove, wouldn’t get
c.were driving,wouldn’t get d.had driven, wouldn’t have got
②—if the _______, he_______that food.
—luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(met’93)
a.was warned, would not take
b.had been warned, would not have taken
c.would be warned, had not taken
d.would have been warned, had not taken
key:①d ②b
7.street, highway, road, path
street指位于城镇都市内，路面平整，两旁有人行道和房子的公共通道，highway,指供车辆行使的主要道路或公路，是城市间的主要通道；road指通向某一目的地的任何道路；path指只容人通行的小路，山路。
[应用]阅读下列句子，体会画线词的意思。
①this is the point where two busy streets meet.
②they turnede off the main highway onto a winding earth road.③there is a narrow road from our village to the next one.
④walk along the path or you may lose your way.
8.lecture, speech, talk, repot
lecture多指学术方面的“演讲，报告”；而speech指在公众面前做的经过准备的较正式的“演说，发言”；talk是一般性的“讲话，谈话”，report指正式的“报告，报道，汇报”。
[应用]英译汉
①give a lecture ②attend a lecture
③make a speech ④give a talk
⑤receive a report ⑥make a report
⑦send in a report ⑧a school report
key:①作演讲 ②出席演讲会 ③发表演说 ④发表讲话 ⑤收到报告⑥作报告 ⑦呈交报告 ⑧成绩报告单
9.不能接双宾语的几个动词
announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接双宾语，若以人作宾语常置于to后。如：
the president announced to the workers the sad news.
the president announced the sad news to the workers.
总裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。
he introduced the new comer to everyone here.
他把新来的那个人介绍给这里的每个人。
report to sb.向某人汇报：report sth/sb.to sb.向某人汇报/告诉。
[应用]单句改错
①the teacher explained his students how to use the computer.
②no one declared us we could not smoke here.
key:①explain后加to ②declare后加to
10.be due to, due to
be due(to)有“应付给，应到的，预期的”之意，多用作表语，to不定式符号；而due to表示“由于，起因于”时，to是介词，相当于because of。如：
the train is due to arrive at 12.
火车应于12点到。
when is the ship due?
船预定何时到？
the accident was due to careless driving
车祸是粗心驾车引起的。
[应用]完成句子
①那项计划由于资金不足而失败。
the program failed ________ _________lack of money.
②希尔先生预定明天演讲两次。
mr hill_________ _________ ________ lecture twice tomorrow.
key:①due,to ②is ,due, to
11.raise, rise
①raise是及物动词，后接宾语，可用于被动语态。表示把人或物提高到较高的位置（水平），即指具体的物，又用于抽象意义。如：
raise one’s hand/head/eyes/a stone/the flag/one’s pay/ the
price/one’s voice
举起手/抬起头/往上看/举起石头/升旗/提高工资/提价/声音大点。
②rise是不及物动词，不能接宾语，无被动语态，表示“上升，升起，起身，起立，起床，增长”等意义。如：river rise河水涨；price rise 物价上涨；rise from one’s seat从座位上站起来；rise early早起。
短语：raise a shout of joy高兴地喊起；
raise chickens/horses/children/a question养鸡/养马/养育孩子/提出问题；rise up起义，奋起反抗；get a rise /raise增加工资。
[应用]完成句子
①他站在那儿注视着国旗缓缓升起。
he stood there watching the flag_______ ________.
②价格涨到10美元。
the price_________ _________to 10 dollars./the price_______
to 10 dollars.
③不久就能看到蒸气从湿衣服上冒出来。
soon steam can be seen __________ from the wet clothes.
④他要求老板加薪。
he asked the boss fo_________ ________.
key:①being, raised ②was raised /rose
③rising ④a, rise(raise)
12.owe
①表示“欠钱，欠债”，用于owe sth.to sb.或owe sb. sth.结构。如：
we still owe over 1,000 yuan to lao wang.
我们还欠老王1000多元钱。
②用于引申意义，表示“欠情，感恩，感激，归功于”。如：
i owe thanks to annie or this priceless gift of speech.
我感激安妮给了我说话能力这个无价之宝[注: 无法估价的宝物。指极珍贵的东西。]。
if i have improved in english, i owe it to my teacher.
[应用]完成句子
①她仍欠裁缝上周做衣服的钱。
she still________ the tailor_________ the clothes she had last week.
②他现在还活着是多亏了你。
he ________ it__________you that he is still alive.
key:①owes, for ②owes, to
13.excuse, pardon,forgive
excuse“原谅，宽恕”，语气较轻，指对轻微的冒犯、失礼等的原谅；pardon用于正式场合时意为“赦免”，也有“原谅，对不起”之意，语气最重；forgive指免除某人犯错误或违法承担的后果，或不追究其应受责备的行为。三个词都常与for连用，表示“原谅某人……”。
[应用]汉译英
①请原谅我迟到了。
②我永远不会原谅你昨天晚上说过的话。
key:①please excuse we for being late.
②the court pardoned the man who had broken the law for a certain reason.
③i’ll never orgive you for what you said to me last night.
14.expect, wait
二者均有“等待”之意，但有不同。expect侧重心理状态，因而可译为“期待，期盼”， 是及物动词；而wait指行动，有“不干别的事专门等”之意，是不及物动词。对比：
they are busy with prepartions, expecting the foreign guests.
他们忙着准准备，期待着外宾的到来。
holding little flags, the children are waiting for the foreign guests.
孩子们手拿小旗，在等待外宾的到来。
[应用]完成句子
①她很久没有儿子的消息了，因而期待着他的电话。
she hasn’t heard from her son for a long time, so she _______
telephones from him.
②他正等着要和你说句话。
he ________ ________ to have a word with you.
key:①expects ②is ,waiting
15.congratulate, congratulations
①congratulate是动词，作“祝贺、庆祝”解时，必须以被祝贺的人作宾语，构成：congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.表示“祝贺某人……”。另外：congratulate oneself表示“庆幸，感到幸运”。如：
we congratulated him on his success/his having succeeded.
我们祝贺他的成功。
i congrtulated myself on having escaped unhurt.
我因自己幸免于难而感到幸运。
②congratulation是名词，多用作复数形式。注意下列用法：
congratulations!(单独使用)祝贺你！
congratulations on your success对你的成功我表示祝贺。
congratulations to everybody!祝贺大家！
please accept my congratulations on your birthday.
请接受我对你的生日祝贺。
[应用]选择正确答案
we offered him our congratulations_________his passing the college entrance exams.(met’93)
a.at b.on c.for d.of
16.常用“（should）+ 动词原形”的几个句型
①动词+宾语从句中。这类动词是：一个坚持（insist）;一个命令（order）;两个建议（suggest, advise）三个要求（desire, demand, require）。如：
the teacher desired that she(should)not give up her idea.
老师要求她不要放弃自己的想法。
②it is/was + 上述动词的过去分词+that从句中。如：
it’s suggeste that the job be done in another way.
有人建议用另一种方式做这项工作。
③it is /was + important/necessary/strange/a pity + that主语从句中。例如：
it’s necessary that you should be present at the discussion.
你很有必要参加这次讨论。
④suggestion, order, request, idea等名词后的表从句和同位语从句中。如：
the boss gave orders that the work be started at once.
老板下令马上开始这项工作
my request is that you(should)make an apology to your teacher.
我的要求是你向你的老师道歉。
[应用]单句改错
①i insist that a doctor must be sent for immediately
②my suggestion is that you will listen to the cctv english news
every day.
key:①改must为should ②改will为should
17.effort短语归纳
make the greatest effort 做最大努力；make great efforts尽最大努力；make a special effort作出特殊努力；make an effort to do sth.努力做某事；make every effort to help you尽力帮助你;make one last effort作最后的努力；make no effort不努力；spare no efforts to do sth.不遗余力[注: 遗：留；余力：剩下的力量。把全部力量都使出来，一点不保留。]去做某事;with(an)effort艰难地；without effort轻而易举[注: 形容事情容易做，不费力气。]地；in an effort努力。
[应用]完成句子
①他身体很强壮，可以轻易地提起那个重箱子。
he is strong enough to lift the heavy box _________.
②我们会不遗余力地阻止他们采取这一步骤。
we will ________ _______ _______to prevent them from takingthis
step.
③他艰难地游泳，为的是救出那个孩子。
he swam with difficulty________ _________ _______ ________ save
the boy.
④我不会努力去帮助这样的人。
i’ll ________ _________ _______ to help such a person.
key:①without,effout ②spare, to ,efforts
③in, an, effort, to ④make, no, efforts
18.动词 + about
read about读到有关的内容；know about了解；learn about得知有关……；hear about 听说过；forget about 忘记有关……；talk about 谈论；argue about争论；chat about闲谈；tell about讲述有关……；think about考虑；write about写有关的……；joke about拿……开玩笑；worry about为……担心。
[应用]汉译英
①我已在报纸上读到了有关这次事故的情况。
②这件事我几乎忘了。
key:①i’ve read about the accident in the newspaper.
②i almost forget about this matter.
19.tear短语归纳
tear out撕下，扯下，拔起；tear up 撕碎，拔起（后一词义同tear out）;tear down撕下，拆毁，tear at撕扯某物；tear sth.open把……撕开；tear sth.to(into)pieces把……撕成碎片。
[应用]完成句子
①这本书的前几页被人撕掉了。
the first pages of this book were ________ ________by someone.
②很多树被大风拔起了。
many trees were________ ________by the strong wind.
③她一看完就把信撕碎了。
she _________ _________ the letter the moment she had read it.
④工人们把旧房拆了，在原址建起了新房。
the workmen__________ _________the old house and built a new
one in its place.
key:①torn, out ②torn, out(up)
③tore, up ④tore, down
三、精典名题导解
题1 （nmet 2001）
the home improvements have taken what little there is _________my spare time.
a.from b.in c.of d.at
分析：c。该题考查介词用法。由于受in one’s spare time短语的影响，此题易误选b。此题的最佳答案是c。of在此表示“……中的部分/全部”，与名词little连用，little of my spare time意思是“仅有的业余时间”。该句为一个含有感叹式宾语从句的主从复合句，连接代词what连同所修饰的在从句中作主语的名词little提到从句之首。“a little of + 不可数名词”表示肯定，意为“一点，少许”；little前无冠词，表示否定，意为“少到几乎没有”。
题2 (上海 2000)
what he said just now _________me of that american professor.]
a.mentioned b.informed c.remind d.memorized
分析：c。句中需要的动词应该用于“v. + sb. + of sth.”结构中，a、d不能用于此结构。sb. inform sb.of sth.某人通知（报告）某人某事，不合句意。
题3 （nmet 1999）
your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard
—__________,you failed.
a.in the end b.after all
c.in other words d.at the same time
分析：c。本题考查介词短语作为连接性附加状语的用法。从题干看，选项之后是对前面所说内容的解释，in other words表示“换句话说、也就是说”，故为最佳答案。
题4 （nmet 1999）
john may phone tonight. i don’t want to go out__________he phones.
a.as long as b.in order that
c.in case d.so that
分析：c。in case 引导条件状语从句，意为“万一，若，以防”，其引出的从句常用陈述语气。
题5 （上海 2000春）
i shall stay in the hotel all day _________ there is news of the missing child.
a.in case b.no matter c.in any case d.ever since
分析：a。in case 作连词引导条件状语从句，意为“万一，以防。”
题6 （nmet 2000）
i don’t think i’ll need any money but i’ll bring some _________.
a.at last b.in case c.once again d.in time
分析：b。in case可以位于句尾，相当于一个副词词组。
题7 （nmet 2001）
it is generally believed that teaching is _______it is a science.
a.an art much as b.much an art as
c.as an art much d.as much an art as
分析：d。该题考查语序。题干是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句置于句子后部。在这个主语从句中，又含有一个as…as引导的比较状语从句，表示相同程度的比较。第一个as是副词，修饰形容词或副词，强调程度。当某些副词如so, as, too, how等用来修饰名词前的形容词时，不定冠词放在该形容词之后，名词之前。后一个连词as引导比较状语从句。答案为d。
题8 （nmet 2001）
the warmth of ________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of_________wool used.
a.the ;the b.the ;不填 c.不填；the d.不填；不填
分析：b。该题考查冠词用法。第一空应填定冠词the, 定冠词用在单数可数名词前表不类属这一概念而不表示特指。第二空应不填冠词，物质名词在用来表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，b为最佳选项。